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HGH Fragment 176-191is een klein, synthetisch stuk natuurlijk menselijk groeihormoon (HGH). Het wordt vaak het "lipolytische fragment" genoemd vanwege het vermogen om vetverlies te vergroten. Het is aangetoond dat het de bloedsuikerspiegel helpt te verlagen en kraakbeengenezing bevordert zonder de lange botgroei te verhogen, de IGF-1-niveaus te verhogen of de insulinegevoeligheid te veranderen.
Productgebruik:Dit product is alleen bedoeld als een onderzoeks chemisch.Deze aanduiding maakt het gebruik van onderzoekschemicals strikt mogelijk voor alleen in vitro testen en laboratoriumexperimentatie. Alle productinformatie die op deze website beschikbaar is, is alleen voor educatieve doeleinden. Lichamelijke introductie van welke aard dan ook in mensen of dieren is ten strengste wettelijk verboden. Dit product mag alleen worden afgehandeld door erkende, gekwalificeerde professionals. Dit product is geen medicijn, voedsel of cosmetisch en is mogelijk niet verkeerd, misbruikt of misbruikt als medicijn, voedsel of cosmetisch.
Fragment 176-191 (gemodificeerde versie van AOD9604) is een klein stuk van menselijke groeihormoon (HGH) dat soms het "lipolytische fragment" wordt genoemd. Fragment 176-191 verdiende deze laatste naam vanwege het feit dat laboratoriumonderzoek heeft aangetoond dat het de vetverbranding verbetert, met name bij muizen die genetisch zijn ontworpen om grote vetwinkels te produceren. Fragment 176-191 is zwaar onderzocht in diermodellen, omdat zelfs terwijl het de vetverbrandende effecten van HGH behoudt, het enkele andere effecten van zijn bovenliggende eiwit vermijdt, zoals het verhogen van insuline-achtige groeifactor-1 (IGF-1) niveaus, wat een negatieve invloed heeft op koolhydraatmetabolisme, het veranderen van de insulinegevoeligheid, het verhogen van de lange botgroei, en zo snel. De gerichte effecten van fragment 176-191 maken het nuttig voor het verkennen van het metabolisme van het menselijk vet en kunnen uiteindelijk de basis vormen voor het ontwikkelen van medicijnen tegen obesitas.
Bron:Pubch
Reeks:Tyr-leu-arg-ile-val-gln-cys-arg-ser-val-glu-glu-gly-ser-cys-gly-phe
Moleculaire formule:C78H125N23O23S2
Molecuulgewicht:1817.12 g/mol
CAS -nummer:66004-57-7
Onderzoek bij dieren heeft aangetoond dat het C-terminale uiteinde van HGH in de eerste plaats verantwoordelijk is voor de hypoglycemische (verlaging van de bloedsuikerspiegel) van het eiwit. Het testen van ten minste zes verschillende fragmenten afgeleid van deze sectie van HGH heeft aangetoond dat fragment 176-191 het meest effectieve synthetische derivaat van HGH is voor het verlagen van de bloedsuikerspiegel. Dit effect is secundair aan een aanhoudende toename van het plasma -insulinesniveau[1]. There is some interest in using fragment 176-191 as a treatment for both prediabetes and type 2 diabetes.
Fragment 176-191 has earned the nickname of “lipolytic fragment” because testing in mice has revealed the peptide to have substantial fat burning and weight loss properties. It is thought that this action is mediated through an increase in production of beta-3 adrenergic receptors (β3-AR or ADRB3)[2]. Agonist action at ADRB3 is known to directly increase fat burning in adipose tissue and is also responsible for thermogenesis in skeletal muscle[3]. Mice that have been genetically modified to produce no ADRB3 do not respond to the lipolytic effects of hGH or fragment 176-191[2].
Studies show that the increased fat burning associated with fragment 176-191 directly correlates with energy expenditure and thus weight reduction, leading to a nearly 50% reduction in weight gain in obese animals over a three-week course[4]. Interestingly, the weight loss effects were seen only in obese mice, with lean mice maintaining normal body weight, on average, even when exposed to fragment 176-191[2]. These findings indicate that there are secondary regulatory pathways for lipolysis that override ADRB3 function when body weight is at or near ideal, opening up areas for additional research into energy homeostasis.
Body weight in genetically obese mice after two weeks of treatment with a single daily dose of fragment 176-191
Source: Oxford Academic
Effect of saline (control), fragment 176-191, and hGH on white adipose tissue mass in obese mice over 14 days
Source: Oxford Academic
Though fragment 176-191 is primarily of interest for its lipolytic properties, the peptide is under investigation for other possible benefits. Of note, a 2015 article out of Korea revealed that fragment 176-191 may be able to potentiate the effects of hyaluronic acid injections in promoting cartilage regeneration. Studies in rabbits indicated that weekly injections of fragment 176-191 increase laboratory measures of cartilage growth and that co-administration of the peptide with hyaluronic acid (HA) produces even more substantial effects. Similarly, the study found that fragment 176-191, both alone and in combination with HA, reduces disability associated with osteoarthritis. There is hope that this may lead to advanced therapies for osteoarthritis and may even eliminate the need for surgery in certain settings[7].
There is some concern that the use of hGH or its derivatives for weight control may have unwanted side effects. This concern arises from the fact that studies of hGH have shown that long-term exogenous administration, while increasing lean body mass and decreasing adipose tissue, can also cause:
In 2013, a study published in the Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism evaluated six studies of fragment 176-191 to assess the rate and significance of negative effects associated with the peptide. The study, included only research that followed the randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled model of a phase IIb clinical trial in order to keep the highest possible standards of evidence. It found that IV and oral administration of Fragment 176-191, when compared to placebo, led to no changes in:
The results of this meta-analysis suggest that fragment 176-191 offers many of the benefits of hGH without the associated negative (and often serious) side effects. These findings further the argument for pursuing regulatory approval for use of fragment 176-191 in the clinical setting, but also offer insight into the regulation of human growth, fat deposition, and energy homeostasis. These findings make it clear that it is possible to target fat loss without affecting energy homeostasis in other nutrient pathways, opening the door for a deeper exploration of human energy regulation and methods of manipulating it.
It is worth noting that while hGH has anabolic effects on muscle, fragment 176-191 was specifically selected for its ability to avoid anabolism entirely. This is critical to ensuring that the peptide has targeted lipolytic effects and does not produce acromegaly or any of the other conditions associated with hGH administration. Studies in mice reveal that fragment 176-191 does not increase cell proliferation[6].
The primary area of research for fragment 176-191 is in weight loss and lipolysis where significant effort is being expended to learn how the peptide can be used to understand fat metabolism and energy homeostasis. The most active secondary area of research is in connective tissue regeneration, particularly cartilage repair.
The above literature was researched, edited and organized by Dr. Logan, M.D. Dr. Logan holds a doctorate degree from Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and a B.S. in molecular biology.
Frank NG, M.D. is one of the leading scientists discovering how both AOD9604 and Fragment 176-191 function. He extensively studied their effects on lipid metabolism in obese mice, fat oxidation, weight loss, oral digestion, glucose transport, and hyperglycemia. He has over 64 publications and studies at the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology — Monash University, Australia.
Frank NG, M.D. is being referenced as one of the leading scientists involved in the research and development of Fragment 176-191. In no way is this doctor/scientist endorsing or advocating the purchase, sale, or use of this product for any reason. There is no affiliation or relationship, implied or otherwise, between
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