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Fragmento de hGH 176-191 6 mg

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Gratis (1) 30 ml de agua bacteriostática
con pedidos calificados sobre$500USD.
(excluye productos en cápsulas, péptidos cosméticos, códigos promocionales y envío)

Fragmento de HGH 176-191es una pequeña pieza sintética de hormona de crecimiento humano natural (hGH). A menudo se le conoce como el "fragmento lipolítico" por su capacidad para estimular la pérdida de grasa. Se ha demostrado que ayuda a reducir los niveles de azúcar en sangre y promueve la curación del cartílago sin aumentar el crecimiento de los huesos largos, aumentar los niveles de IGF-1 o alterar la sensibilidad a la insulina.

Uso del producto:Este PRODUCTO ESTÁ DISEÑADO ÚNICAMENTE COMO SUSTANCIA QUÍMICA DE INVESTIGACIÓN.Esta designación permite el uso de productos químicos de investigación estrictamente para pruebas in vitro y experimentación de laboratorio únicamente. Toda la información del producto disponible en este sitio web tiene fines educativos únicamente. La introducción corporal de cualquier tipo en personas o animales está estrictamente prohibida por la ley. Este producto sólo debe ser manipulado por profesionales calificados y con licencia. Este producto no es un medicamento, alimento o cosmético y no puede ser mal etiquetado, mal utilizado o etiquetado erróneamente como medicamento, alimento o cosmético.

¿Qué es el fragmento 176-191?

El fragmento 176-191 (versión modificada de AOD9604) es un pequeño fragmento de hormona del crecimiento humano (hGH) que a veces se denomina "fragmento lipolítico". El fragmento 176-191 obtuvo este último nombre debido al hecho de que la investigación de laboratorio ha demostrado que mejora la quema de grasa, particularmente en ratones genéticamente modificados para producir grandes reservas de grasa. El fragmento 176-191 ha sido intensamente investigado en modelos animales porque, aunque conserva los efectos quemagrasas de la hGH, evita algunos otros efectos de su proteína original, como el aumento de los niveles del factor de crecimiento similar a la insulina 1 (IGF-1). impactando negativamente el metabolismo de los carbohidratos, alterando la sensibilidad a la insulina, aumentando el crecimiento de los huesos largos, etc. Los efectos específicos del fragmento 176-191 lo hacen útil para explorar el metabolismo de las grasas humanas y eventualmente pueden proporcionar la base para desarrollar medicamentos contra la obesidad.

Fragmento 176-191 Estructura peptídica

Fuente:PubChem

Secuencia:Tyr-Leu-Arg-Ile-Val-Gln-Cys-Arg-Ser-Val-Glu-Gly-Ser-Cys-Gly-Phe
Fórmula molecular:C78H125N23O23S2
Peso molecular:1817,12 g/mol
Número CAS:66004-57-7

Fragmento 176-191 Efectos

1. Reduce el azúcar en sangre

La investigación en animales ha revelado que el extremo c-terminal de la hGH es el principal responsable de los efectos hipoglucemiantes (reducción del azúcar en sangre) de la proteína. Las pruebas de al menos seis fragmentos diferentes derivados de esta sección de hGH han demostrado que el fragmento 176-191 es el derivado sintético de hGH más eficaz para reducir los niveles de azúcar en sangre. Este efecto es secundario a un aumento sostenido de los niveles de insulina plasmática.[1]. There is some interest in using fragment 176-191 as a treatment for both prediabetes and type 2 diabetes.

2. Fat Burning And Weight Loss

Fragment 176-191 has earned the nickname of “lipolytic fragment” because testing in mice has revealed the peptide to have substantial fat burning and weight loss properties. It is thought that this action is mediated through an increase in production of beta-3 adrenergic receptors (β3-AR or ADRB3)[2]. Agonist action at ADRB3 is known to directly increase fat burning in adipose tissue and is also responsible for thermogenesis in skeletal muscle[3]. Mice that have been genetically modified to produce no ADRB3 do not respond to the lipolytic effects of hGH or fragment 176-191[2].

Studies show that the increased fat burning associated with fragment 176-191 directly correlates with energy expenditure and thus weight reduction, leading to a nearly 50% reduction in weight gain in obese animals over a three-week course[4]. Interestingly, the weight loss effects were seen only in obese mice, with lean mice maintaining normal body weight, on average, even when exposed to fragment 176-191[2]. These findings indicate that there are secondary regulatory pathways for lipolysis that override ADRB3 function when body weight is at or near ideal, opening up areas for additional research into energy homeostasis.

Body weight in genetically obese mice after two weeks of treatment with a single daily dose of fragment 176-191
Source: Oxford Academic

Effect of saline (control), fragment 176-191, and hGH on white adipose tissue mass in obese mice over 14 days
Source: Oxford Academic

3. Promotes Cartilage Regeneration

Though fragment 176-191 is primarily of interest for its lipolytic properties, the peptide is under investigation for other possible benefits. Of note, a 2015 article out of Korea revealed that fragment 176-191 may be able to potentiate the effects of hyaluronic acid injections in promoting cartilage regeneration. Studies in rabbits indicated that weekly injections of fragment 176-191 increase laboratory measures of cartilage growth and that co-administration of the peptide with hyaluronic acid (HA) produces even more substantial effects. Similarly, the study found that fragment 176-191, both alone and in combination with HA, reduces disability associated with osteoarthritis. There is hope that this may lead to advanced therapies for osteoarthritis and may even eliminate the need for surgery in certain settings[7].

Fragment 176-191 Safety Studies

There is some concern that the use of hGH or its derivatives for weight control may have unwanted side effects. This concern arises from the fact that studies of hGH have shown that long-term exogenous administration, while increasing lean body mass and decreasing adipose tissue, can also cause:

  • increased insulin resistance,
  • diabetes,
  • acromegaly,
  • cancer,
  • hypertension (high blood pressure), and
  • edema (swelling).

In 2013, a study published in the Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism evaluated six studies of fragment 176-191 to assess the rate and significance of negative effects associated with the peptide. The study, included only research that followed the randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled model of a phase IIb clinical trial in order to keep the highest possible standards of evidence. It found that IV and oral administration of Fragment 176-191, when compared to placebo, led to no changes in:

  • physical findings,
  • laboratory parameters,
  • glucose levels,
  • glucose tolerance,
  • insulin sensitivity,
  • IGF-1 levels, or
  • rates of adverse events (e.g. headache)[4], [5].

The results of this meta-analysis suggest that fragment 176-191 offers many of the benefits of hGH without the associated negative (and often serious) side effects. These findings further the argument for pursuing regulatory approval for use of fragment 176-191 in the clinical setting, but also offer insight into the regulation of human growth, fat deposition, and energy homeostasis. These findings make it clear that it is possible to target fat loss without affecting energy homeostasis in other nutrient pathways, opening the door for a deeper exploration of human energy regulation and methods of manipulating it.

It is worth noting that while hGH has anabolic effects on muscle, fragment 176-191 was specifically selected for its ability to avoid anabolism entirely. This is critical to ensuring that the peptide has targeted lipolytic effects and does not produce acromegaly or any of the other conditions associated with hGH administration. Studies in mice reveal that fragment 176-191 does not increase cell proliferation[6].

Fragment 176-191 Future Research

The primary area of research for fragment 176-191 is in weight loss and lipolysis where significant effort is being expended to learn how the peptide can be used to understand fat metabolism and energy homeostasis. The most active secondary area of research is in connective tissue regeneration, particularly cartilage repair.

Article Author

The above literature was researched, edited and organized by Dr. Logan, M.D. Dr. Logan holds a doctorate degree from Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and a B.S. in molecular biology.

 

Scientific Journal Article

Frank NG, M.D. is one of the leading scientists discovering how both AOD9604 and Fragment 176-191 function. He extensively studied their effects on lipid metabolism in obese mice, fat oxidation, weight loss, oral digestion, glucose transport, and hyperglycemia. He has over 64 publications and studies at the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology — Monash University, Australia.

Frank NG, M.D. is being referenced as one of the leading scientists involved in the research and development of Fragment 176-191. In no way is this doctor/scientist endorsing or advocating the purchase, sale, or use of this product for any reason. There is no affiliation or relationship, implied or otherwise, between

Peptide Gurus and this doctor. The purpose of citing the doctor is to acknowledge, recognize, and credit the exhaustive research and development efforts conducted by the scientists studying this peptide. Frank NG, M.D. is listed in [1] [2] and [4] under the referenced citations.

Referenced Citations

  1. F. M. Ng and J. Bornstein, “Hyperglycemic action of synthetic C-terminal fragments of human growth hormone,” Am. J. Physiol., vol. 234, no. 5, pp. E521-526, May 1978. 
  2. M. Heffernan et al., “The Effects of Human GH and Its Lipolytic Fragment (AOD9604) on Lipid Metabolism Following Chronic Treatment in Obese Mice andβ 3-AR Knock-Out Mice,” Endocrinology, vol. 142, no. 12, pp. 5182–5189, Dec. 2001.
  3. R. Ferrer-Lorente, C. Cabot, J.-A. Fernández-López, and M. Alemany, “Combined effects of oleoyl-estrone and a beta3-adrenergic agonist (CL316,243) on lipid stores of diet-induced overweight male Wistar rats,” Life Sci., vol. 77, no. 16, pp. 2051–2058, Sep. 2005. 
  4. F. M. Ng, J. Sun, L. Sharma, R. Libinaka, W. J. Jiang, and R. Gianello, “Metabolic studies of a synthetic lipolytic domain (AOD9604) of human growth hormone,” Horm. Res., vol. 53, no. 6, pp. 274–278, 2000. 
  5. H. Stier, E. Vos, and D. Kenley, “Safety and Tolerability of the Hexadecapeptide AOD9604 in Humans,” J. Endocrinol. Metab., vol. 3, no. 1–2, pp. 7-15–15, Apr. 2013. 
  6. M. A. Heffernan et al., “Increase of fat oxidation and weight loss in obese mice caused by chronic treatment with human growth hormone or a modified C-terminal fragment,” Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord. J. Int. Assoc. Study Obes., vol. 25, no. 10, pp. 1442–1449, Oct. 2001. 
  7. D. R. Kwon and G. Y. Park, “Effect of Intra-articular Injection of AOD9604 with or without Hyaluronic Acid in Rabbit Osteoarthritis Model,” Ann. Clin. Lab. Sci., vol. 45, no. 4, pp. 426–432, Jul. 2015. 

ALL ARTICLES AND PRODUCT INFORMATION PROVIDED ON THIS WEBSITE ARE FOR INFORMATIONAL AND EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY.

The products offered on this website are furnished for in-vitro studies only. In-vitro studies (Latin: in glass) are performed outside of the body.  These products are not medicines or drugs and have not been approved by the FDA to prevent, treat or cure any medical condition, ailment or disease.  Bodily introduction of any kind into humans or animals is strictly forbidden by law.

 

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